Cell Structure Worksheets Definition

When we talk about a cell you can observe your hands the lines on the dorsal side of our hand the small minute partition on it. Although you can not see a cell through the naked eyes because it is minute, microscopic [the things that we can see clearly in microscope]. The cells are too small that we can’t even predict its shape. The smallest thing which we can say living and performs all essential functions of life by oneself is a cell.

Cell DISCOVERY

The cell was discovered by an English scientist Robert hooke who was born in (1635). He discovered a dead cell which was taken from the bark of the tree. He saw a compartment like image which was later known as cell.
The discovery of the living cell was done by Antony von leeuwenhoek . Later Robert Brown discovered the nucleus. Whereas the cell organelles like Endoplasmic reticulum was discovered by Keith R. Porter and Albert Claude.

Mitochondria by Robert Altmann
Golgi body by Camilo Golgi
Lysosome by De Duve
Vacuoles by Antony Van Leeuwenhock
Ribosomes by George Palade

Composition of a cell

A cell is composed of so many elements like hydrogen, carbon ,Phosphorus, iron ,calcium ,oxygen, cadmium some in major and others in minute amount.

SHAPE OF CELL

A cell is variously shaped it may be spherical, elongated, oval, biconcave, etc in shape.

SIZE OF THE CELL

The size of a cell varies from 0.1 nm to few mm or may be smaller or larger than the given units.

STRUCTURE OF THE CELL

A constriction which is known as cell consists of a cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, vacuole and many other such materials. The introduction of these organelles is given below.

1—CELL MEMBRANE—

It is a protective covering of cell inside which remain present is freely floating matrix .

2—CYTOPLASM—
It is the semi fluid granulated material which possess protein starch, cell waste, and various other membrane bound organelles.

3—NUCLEUS—

It is a hard substance present in mid of the cell and regulate the diff erent function of a cell, It is made up of nucleus membrane, nucleolus and genetic material (DNA/RNA).

4—ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM—

These are tube like structure which remain attach to the pore of the nucleus. These bodies serve as the pathway of RNA to reach ribosome. T These are also known as ER in short. The endoplasmic reticulum are categorised into two types—

1—which found attached to ribosome called Rough Endoplasmic reticulum
2—which are not attached to the ribosome are Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum.

5—RIBOSOME

These are somewhat spherical bodies either attached to the Endoplasmic Reticulum or free in the cytoplasm. It binds RNA and form protein.

6—GOLGI BODY
These are tubular sac like bodies which are formed by accumulation of the lipid molecule.

7—MITOCHONDRIA

These are shoe shaped bodies which remain present in cytoplasm. These are also known as ‘power house of cell’. It performs the function of oxidation – reduction (takes O2 and release CO2).

VACUOLE-

These are air and water, waste material filled bodies inside a cell.

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